White Papers

How to use RTDs for Temperature Measurement – 8500917

Criteria for Temperature Selection of T/C and RTD Sensor Types This is part two of a comprehensive three-part series that provides information for choosing an industrial temperature sensor from Thermocouple (T/C) and Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD) sensor types. The Basics of Temperature Measurement Using RTDs A Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD) is a passive circuit element…

How to use Thermocouples for Temperature Measurement – 8500911

Criteria for Temperature Selection of T/C and RTD Sensor Types This is part two of a comprehensive three-part series that provides information for choosing an industrial temperature sensor from Thermocouple (T/C) and Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD) sensor types.   The Basics of Temperature Measurement Using Thermocouples You are probably somewhat familiar with the thermocouple, or…

How to Minimize Thermocouple to Transmitter Measurement Errors – 8500926

Preventing Temperature Measurement Error in Thermocouple to Transmitter Connections The nature of thermocouple (TC) circuits is that they’re prone to produce error when mating them to a measurement device; unless you have some insight into how these TCs and their components work. This paper reviews thermocouple behavior and outlines common problems encountered when connecting them…

Why You Need USB Isolation for Industrial I/O – 8500-901

USB Isolation and Industrial I/O Isolation is achieved by removing any direct electrical connection between two devices or portions of a circuit, but having them work as if they were electrically connected. Isolation is generally rated by how high a low current AC voltage can be set before there is arcing across the isolation barrier….

Introduction to Two-Wire Transmitters and 4-20mA Current Loops – 8500904

The Basics of 4-20mA Current Loops In two-wire 4-20mA control loops, we use 2-wire transmitters to convert various process signals representing flow, speed, position, level, temperature, pressure, strain, pH, etc., to 4-20mA DC for the purpose of transmitting the signal over some distance with little or no loss of signal. This paper reviews the operation of…

Profibus DP an Introduction White Paper – 8500698

Introduction to Profibus DP The following information describes the operation of Profibus DP as it relates to Acromag Series 900PB DP slave I/O modules. Acromag manufactures a line of I/O modules that support Profibus DP over RS485.

What is Modbus TCP/IP? An Introduction White Paper – 8500765

Modbus TCP/IP an Introduction White Paper The following information describes the operation of Modbus TCP/IP as it relates to Acromag Series 900EN-40xx I/O modules. Acromag manufactures a line of I/O modules that support Modbus over RS485, and Modbus over Ethernet.   Learn more: What is Ethernet/IP?

What is EtherNet/IP? White Paper – 8500747

Introduction to EtherNet/IP What is EtherNet/IP (Ethernet Industrial Protocol)? EtherNet/IP is traditional Ethernet combined with an industrial application layer protocol targeted to industrial automation. This application layer protocol is the Control and Information Protocol (CIP™). In this whitepaper, you will review the basic aspects of EtherNet/IP and learn how the open-source protocol can benefit your…